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JECFA Toxicology Evaluations of Flavor Chemicals

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Flavour Chemicals

Summary of Evaluations Performed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA 1956-2001) - (First through Fifty-seventh Meetings)

See also - Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) - Summary and conclusions of recent meetings

JECFA Flavouring Specifications

JECFA - Monographs & Evaluations

Summary & Conclusions (pdf files):
.....JECFA - 51st Meeting (Geneva - 1998)
.....JECFA - 53d Meeting (Rome - 1999)
.....JECFA - 55th Meeting (Geneva - 2000)
.....JECFA - 57th Meeting (Rome - 2001)
.....JECFA - 59th Meeting (Geneva - 2002) - Updates to table shown below
.....JECFA - 61st Meeting (Rome - 2003) - Updates to table shown below
.....JECFA - 63st Meeting (Geneva - 2004) - Updates to table shown below
.....JECFA - 65th Meeting (Geneva - 2005) - Updates to table shown below
.....JECFA - 68th Meeting (Geneva - 2007) - Updates to table shown below

See Also:
1. Munro IC, Kennepohl E., Comparison of estimated daily per capita intakes of flavouring substances with no-observed-effect levels from animal studies., Food Chem Toxicol 2001 Apr;39(4):331-54
2. Kroes R, Galli C, Munro I, Schilter B, Tran L, Walker R, Wurtzen G., Threshold of toxicological concern for chemical substances present in the diet: a practical tool for assessing the need for toxicity testing., Food Chem Toxicol 2000 Feb-Mar;38(2-3):255-312
3. Munro IC, Kennepohl E, Kroes R., A procedure for the safety evaluation of flavouring substances. Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, Food Chem Toxicol 1999 Feb-Mar;37(2-3):207-32

SUBSTANCE	FUNCTIONAL CLASS LISTING
ACETAL	FLAVOURING AGENT
4-ACETAL-6-tert-BUTYL-1,1-DIMETHYLINDAN	FLAVOURING AGENT
ACETALDEHYDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ACETALDEHYDE ETHYL cis-3-HEXENYL ACETAL	FLAVOURING AGENT
ACETANISOLE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ACETIC ACID	FLAVOURING AGENT; ACIDIFIER; ANTIMICROBIAL PRESERVATIVE
ACETOIN	FLAVOURING AGENT
ACETONE	EXTRACTION SOLVENT; FLAVOURING AGENT
ACETOPHENONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
2-ACETOXY-3-BUTANONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
4-(p-ACETOXYPHENYL)-2-BUTANONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
2-ACETYL-3,(5 OR 6)-DIMETHYLPYRAZINE	FLAVOURING AGENT
2-ACETYL-3-ETHYLPYRAZINE	FLAVOURING AGENT
3-(ACETYLMERCAPTO)HEXYL ACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
2-ACETYL-3-METHYLPYRAZINE	FLAVOURING AGENT
2-ACETYLPYRAZINE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ACONITIC ACID	FLAVOURING AGENT
ADIPIC ACID	ACIDITY REGULATOR; FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL ANTHRANILATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL BUTYRATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL CINNAMATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL CYCLOHEXANEACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL CYCLOHEXANEBUTYRATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL CYCLOHEXANEHEXANOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL CYCLOHEXANEPROPIONATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL CYCLOHEXANEVALERATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
4-ALLYL-2,6-DIMETHOXYPHENOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL DISULFIDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL 2-ETHYLBUTYRATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL 2-FUROATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL HEPTANOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL HEXANOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL alpha-IONONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL ISOVALERATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL MERCAPTAN	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL METHYL DISULFIDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL METHYL TRISULFIDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL NONANOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL OCTANOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL PHENOXYACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL PHENYLACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL PROPIONATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL SORBATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL SULFIDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL THIOPROPIONATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL TIGLATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ALLYL 10-UNDECENOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
AMYL ALCOHOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
n-AMYL BUTYRATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
alpha-AMYLCINNAMALDEHYDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
alpha-AMYLCINNAMALDEHYDE DIMETHYL ACETAL	FLAVOURING AGENT
alpha-AMYLCINNAMYL ACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
alpha-AMYLCINNAMYL ALCOHOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
alpha-AMYLCINNAMYL FORMATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
alpha-AMYLCINNAMYL ISOVALERATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
n-AMYL FORMATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
AMYL 2-FUROATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
n-AMYL HEPTANOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
n-AMYL HEXANOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
n-AMYL OCTANOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
trans-ANETHOLE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ANISYL ACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ANISYL ACETONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ANISYL ALCOHOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
ANISYL BUTYRATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ANISYL FORMATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ANISYL PHENYLACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
ANISYL PROPIONATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
beta-ASARONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZALDEHYDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZALDEHYDE DIMETHYL ACETAL	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZALDEHYDE GLYCERYL ACETAL	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZALDEHYDE PROPYLENE GLYCOL ACETAL	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZENETHIOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
2-BENZOFURANCARBOXALDEHYDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZOIC ACID	ANTIMICROBIAL PRESERVATIVE; FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZOIN	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZOIN GUM	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZOPHENONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL ACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL ACETOACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL ALCOHOL	FLAVOURING AGENT; CARRIER SOLVENT
BENZYL BENZOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT; CARRIER SOLVENT
BENZYL BUTYL ETHER	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL BUTYRATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL CINNAMATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL 2,3-DIMETHYLCROTONATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL DISULFIDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL FORMATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
3-BENZYL-4-HEPTANONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL ISOBUTYRATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL ISOEUGENYL ETHER	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL ISOVALERATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL MERCAPTAN	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL 2-METHOXYETHYL ACETAL	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL trans-2-METHYL-2-BUTENOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL METHYL SULFIDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL PHENYLACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL PROPIONATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BENZYL SALICYLATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
1,2-BUTANEDITHIOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
1,3-BUTANEDITHIOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
2,3-BUTANEDITHIOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
1-BUTANETHIOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTAN-2-OL	EXTRACTION SOLVENT; FLAVOURING AGENT
2-BUTANONE	EXTRACTION SOLVENT; FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTAN-3-ONE-2-YL BUTANOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
(1-BUTEN-1-YL) METHYL SULFIDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL ACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL ACETOACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL ALCOHOL	EXTRACTION SOLVENT; FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL BUTYRATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL BUTYRYLLACTATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
alpha-BUTYLCINNAMALDEHYDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL CINNAMATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL ETHYL MALONATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL FORMATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL HEPTANOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL HEXANOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL p-HYDROXYBENZOATE	PRESERVATIVE; FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL ISOBUTYRATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL ISOVALERATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL LACTATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL LAURATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL LEVULINATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
n-BUTYL 2-METHYLBUTYRATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL PROPIONATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL SALICYLATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL STEARATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL SULFIDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL 10-UNDECENOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYL VALERATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYRALDEHYDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
BUTYRIC ACID	FLAVOURING AGENT
CARVACROL	FLAVOURING AGENT
CARVEOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
4-CARVOMENTHENOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
(+)-CARVONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
(-)-CARVONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CARVYL ACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CARVYL PROPIONATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CINNAMALDEHYDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CINNAMALDEHYDE ETHYLENE GLYCOL ACETAL	FLAVOURING AGENT
CINNAMIC ACID	FLAVOURING AGENT
CINNAMYL ACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CINNAMYL ALCOHOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
CINNAMYL ANTHRANILATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CINNAMYL BENZOATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CINNAMYL BUTYRATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CINNAMYL CINNAMATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CINNAMYL FORMATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CINNAMYL ISOBUTYRATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CINNAMYL ISOVALERATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CINNAMYL PHENYLACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CINNAMYL PROPIONATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CITRAL	FLAVOURING AGENT
CITRAL DIETHYL ACETAL	FLAVOURING AGENT
CITRAL DIMETHYL ACETAL	FLAVOURING AGENT
CITRIC ACID	ACIDULANT; SYNERGIST FOR ANTIOXIDANT; SEQUESTRANT; FLAVOURING AGENT
CITRONELLOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
CITRONELLYL ACETATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CITRONELLYL BUTYRATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CITRONELLYL FORMATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CITRONELLYL ISOBUTYRATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CITRONELLOXYACETALDEHYDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CITRONELLYL PROPIONATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CITRONELLYL VALERATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
m-CRESOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
o-CRESOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
p-CRESOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
CUMINALDEHYDE	FLAVOURING AGENT
alpha-CYCLODEXTRIN	CARRIER; ENCAPSULATING AGENT FOR FOOD ADDITIVES, FLAVOURINGS AND VITAMINS; STABILIZER; ABSORBENT
beta-CYCLODEXTRIN	ENCAPSULATING AGENT FOR FOOD ADDITIVES, FLAVOURINGS AND VITAMINS; THICKENING AGENT
CYCLOHEXYL CINNAMATE	FLAVOURING AGENT
(CYCLOHEXYLMETHYL)PYRAZINE	FLAVOURING AGENT
CYCLOPENTANETHIOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
DAMASCENONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
alpha-DAMASCONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
beta-DAMASCONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
delta-DAMASCONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
delta-DECALACTONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
epsilon-DECALACTONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
gamma-DECALACTONE	FLAVOURING AGENT
DECANAL	FLAVOURING AGENT
DECANAL DIMETHYL ACETAL	FLAVOURING AGENT
DECANOIC ACID	FLAVOURING AGENT
1-DECANOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
3-DECANOL	FLAVOURING AGENT
4-DECENAL	FLAVOURING AGENT
5- AND 6-DECENOIC ACID (MIXTURE)	FLAVOURING AGENT
9-DECENOIC ACID	FLAVOURING AGENT
DECYL ACETATE	FLAVOURING A