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In the News ...................................Welcome Page Offerings on this Site Flavor-Base 2007 ........................Additive-Master Juice-Master 20044..... ...Beverage-Master 2004 VCF 2000 - Volatile Compounds in Foods ESO 2006 - Essential oils PMP 2001 - Perfumery Materials PFC - Perfume & Fragrance Classification FRM 2001 - Flavor Raw Materials Odour Thresholds ************FEATURED NEWS*********** Flavor-Base 2007 - NEW - A new version to the world's most extensive database on flavoring materials and food additives has been released - Click HERE Flavor & Fragrance Industry Leaders - See the Top Ten and their Sales Volume. View charts on market segments. FEMA GRAS 21 is available FEMA GRAS 20 is available FEMA GRAS List No. 19 is Here For past News visit our Archives NEW - Download area for Demos Download Flavor-Base 2001 Demo  Download "Beverage-Master 2004" Demo for Excel  Download "Juice-Master 2004" Demo for Exce  Download "Additive-Master" for Free Trial  Download "VCF 2000 - Volatile Compounds in Foods" Demo Download FRM 2001 - Flavor Raw Materials Demo Download ESO 2000 - Essential oils Demo Download PMP 2001 - Perfumery Materials Demo Special Features on this Site   Olfaction - A Review in Progress   Odor and Flavor Detection Thresholds   Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Search Page   Search PubMed .... from our site   Lycopene - An Ultimate Phytochemical Nutraceutical?   Carotenoid Precursors of Aroma Constituents    Boronia - Aromas from Carotenoids   Saffron - Aromas from Carotenoids   Rose - Aromas from Carotenoids   Osmanthus - Aromas from Carotenoids   Tobacco - Aromas from Carotenoids   Aldehydes - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization   Alkenols: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization   Burnt Sugar Notes: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization   delta-Lactones - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization   Esters - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization   gamma-Lactones - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization   Pyrazines - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization   GC-MS analysis of hardwood smoke flavor.   GC-MS analysis of Dark Fire-cured Tobacco Find Flavor, Fragrance, Spice Ingredients and related Products and Services at www.SensoryNet.com. Over 5,000 listings and growing. Visit Perfumer's World and download the Perfumer's Workbook (free) to see the future of computing in formulation creativity.  Nathaniel's Nutmeg - nutmeg formed the basis of one of the most bitter international conflicts of the 17th century, and was also intimately connected to New York City's rise to global preeminence. Strange but true: nutmeg was, in fact, one of the most prized commodities in Renaissance Europe, and its fascinating story is told in Giles Milton's delightful book, Nathaniel's Nutmeg. For those interested in the spice trade, this is it.

Olfaction - A Review  Search PubMed ... from our site Phytochemical & Ethnobotanical Database Search... from our site Food Science / Law Chemoreception Molecular Visualization... ...Herbs & Botanicals ****** Featured Sites of the Month****** Chirality & Odour Perception - Updated Mar. 18, 2008 (now with over 950 enantiomers) Cropwatch List of Threatened Aromatic Plants Used in the Aroma & Cosmetic Industries (Feb. 2008) - A must read for those in the F&F Industry (pdf file). Japanese Food Additives - including Flavors, colors, preservatives, etc. - update 2008 List of Designated Additives including flavorings List of Existing Food Additives List of plant or animal sources of natural flavorings List of food additives generally provided for eating or drinking as foods and which are used as food additives Standards for Use of Food Additives Japan'sSpecifications and Standards for Food Additives FEMA GRAS LIST 23 - is here Nathalie Manser - Musique & Parfums Cool without Menthol & Cooler than Menthol and Cooling Compounds as Insect Repellents - Updated December 3, 2007 IOFI Update on Artificial Flavourings - February 27, 2007 Huabao International - The Hottest F&F Company in China Scents of Precious Woods IOFI Insights - Latest News (Nov. 2006) Mark Dewis - Amide Magic - A walk through the world of taste and sensation from the molecular viewpoint ( Society of Flavor Chemist's meeting of Sept. 14, 2006) Visit the BACIS web pages - now on our site (Boelens Aroma Chemical Information Service). The Enantiomers of Arborone - the Odor Active Component of Iso E Super - requires the MDL® Chime plug-in to view The Enantiomers of desMethyl Arborone -requires the MDL® Chime plug-in to view The Enantiomers of Georgywood® & Georgyone - requires the MDL® Chime plug-in to view Hong and Corey's Synthesis of Arborone & Georgyone The Enantiomers of Undecavertol - requires the MDL® Chime plug-in to view The Enantiomers of Muguesia - requires the MDL® Chime plug-in to view Chemical Sources Association - Jan. 5, 2006, New & Improved Website FEMA GRAS List No. 22 - GRAS Flavoring Substances. No. 22 Volatile Constituents of Perique Tobacco Japanese Food Additives - Mar. 2007 including Flavors, colors, preservatives, etc. Japanese Patent Translator 50 Years of Flavor Chemistry Fragrance & Flavor – Art & Science EPI SuiteTM - Free program for estimating LogP (LogKow), solubility, etc. Qarôma, a division of Chemicals Incorporated, is now a producer of the cooling compounds WS-3 and WS-23 Mont-Blanc Resourcing - an International source for jobs in the Flavor & Fragrance Industry Wallack's Flavors - Flavor Training and Consulting Cooling Compounds - Dr. Mark Erman's presentation to the Society of Flavor Chemists (December 2003) Refractive Index-Dry Substance (RI-DS) Program - The Corn Refiners Association's RI-DS Program is an Excel-based program for IBM compatible personal computers which allows generation of tables relating dry substance and refractive index for corn syrups, high fructose corn syrup and blends of these products with sucrose. Chirality & Bioactivity: Pharmacology - download as pdf file only European Commision - Current status of "Flavourings" Bo Jensen's Site with a wonderful guide to natural materials Art & Parfum - from Roudnitska For Previously Featured Sites Visit The Archives Special Sites with F&F News & Links Allured's -Perfumer & Flavorist Allured's List of Trade Associations & Professional Societies Allured's F&F Industry Directory - Search by name or country FnFnet - Flavor & Fragrance in China Musées de Grasse osMoz - Perfume Site *****FLAVOR & FRAGRANCE LINKS 2***** Flavor & Fragrance Companies Flavor & Fragrance Digitization & Bioinformatics Sites Trade Associations & Professional Societies Flavor & Fragrance Software Flavor & Fragrance Information Flavor & Fragrance Publications Selected Perfume Related Links F&F Related Buyers Guides & Resources Links to "Electronic Noses"   Trade Associations & Professional Societies .F&F Topics American Association of Cereal Chemists, Inc. American Oil Chemists' Society American Society of Perfumers American Spice Trade Association British Society of Flavorists British Society of Perfumers Chemical Sources Association Society of Flavor Chemists - USA Colipa - European Cosmetic Toiletry & Perfumery Association Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association (CTFA) Deutsche Gesellschaft für Wissenschaftliche und Angewandte Kosmetik European Chemoreception Research Organisation Fragrances & Flavour Association of India The Fragrance Foundation Grasse Institute of Perfumery - training courses to develop the fundamental knowledge of creating a perfume IFEAT - International Federation of Essential Oils and Aroma Trades International Federation of Societies of Cosmetic Chemists International Fragrance Association (IFRA) International Perfume Bottle Association Japan Flavor & Fragrance Materials Association - Japanese site Japan Food Additives Association - Japanese site Japanese Society of Food Chemistry - Japanese site Market Asia - Technical and market information on Durian, Lychee, Mango, Papaya, Passion fruit, Vaniila and more. National Association of Fruits, Flavors & Syrups, Inc. Prodarom - French National Association of Fragrance Manufacturers Société Française de Cosmétologie Società Italiana di Chimica e Scienze Cosmetologiche Society of Cosmetic Scientists (UK) Swiss Society of Cosmetic Chemists World Perfumery Congress Women in Flavor and Fragrance Commerce, Inc. Flavor & Fragrance Software ....................F&F Topics Additive-Master - from Leffingwell & Associates The Akers Group, Inc. - Formula and Project Management software Allured's Flavor and Fragrance Materials BACIS - Holland - ..............VCF 2000 - Volatile Compounds in Food ............. ESO 2000 - The Complete Database of Essential Oils ............. Compilations of odour threshold values in air and water ............. PMP 98 - Database of Perfumery Materials & Performance ............. FRM 2001 - The Complete Database of Flavour (Raw) Materials ............. PFC - Perfumes & Fragrances Classification database Beverage-Master - from Leffingwell & Associates EuFORMULA - Advanced formula management software Flavor-Base 2001 - from Leffingwell & Associates Flavor Knowledge Systems - consulting & software Juice-Master - from Leffingwell & Associates Perfumer's Workbook Streatley Software Solutions - Formula & Project management software for the F&F industry Volatile Compounds in Food (online) - from the TNO Nutrition and Food Research organisation Flavor & Fragrance Information ....................F&F Topics Alcohol Drawback Information - Robert L. Anello simplifies the confusion of ATF Regulations for F&F type companies Aldehydes - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization Alkenols: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization Allured's Compendium of Perfumery Materials - Odor characteristics for over 1200 fragrance materials Ambergris ANUCCI - Fragrance information site & primer Aromas from Carotenoids Aromatherapy & Essential oils - from the Kevala Centre Brian M. Lawrence - "A Planning Scheme to Evaluate New Aromatic Plants for the Flavor and Fragrance Industries"; Lists production of world's 20 top essential oils and more Boronia - Aromas from Carotenoids Burnt Sugar Notes: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization Cananga - An Indonesian essential oil CastorOil.in – The Castor Oil Resource Codex Alimentarius Commission Cosmetics - European Regulations: Volume 1 - Cosmetics legislation - Cosmetic products Volume 2 - Cosmetics legislation - Cosmetic products - Methods of analysis Volume 3 - Guidelines - Cosmetic products - Notes of guidance for testing of cosmetic ingredients for their safety evaluation 1ST UPDATE OF THE INVENTORY OF INGREDIENTS EMPLOYED IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS SECTION II: PERFUME AND AROMATIC RAW MATERIALS - OCTOBER 2000 Esters - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization EU Flavourings List - 99/217/EC: Commission Decision of 23 February 1999 adopting a register of flavouring substances used in or on foodstuffs drawn up in application of Regulation (EC) No 2232/96 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 October 1996 including amendments of 18 July 2000 and 23 January 2002 European Union Food /Flavour Regulations Flavour and Fragrance Journal - Online Flavours and fragrances of plant origin -FAO Flavornet at Cornell U. Flavor Ingredients Online - from FKS - Flavor Ingredient Search Flavour Matrix Food Chemicals Codex Committee of the National Academy of Sciences Food and Drug Administration/Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition FDA/CFSAN EAFUS List - a list of Everything Added to Food in the U.S. US FDA/Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition: Food Labeling FDA/CFSAN OPA: Summary of Color Additives listed for Use in the U.S. FAO Documents on Flavor & Fragrance Materials .......... - BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION ...........- CEDARWOOD OILS ...........- CINNAMOMUM OILS (INCLUDING CINNAMON AND CASSIA) ...........- ESSENTIAL OILS ...........- EUCALYPTUS OIL ...........- FLAVOURS AND FRAGRANCES OF PLANT ORIGIN ...........- GUM ARABIC, GUM TALHA AND OTHER ACACIA GUMS ...........- LOCUST BEAN (CAROB) ...........- LITSEA CUBEBA OIL ...........- OLIBANUM (FRANKINCENSE), MYRRH AND OPOPANAX RESINS AND OILS ...........- ROSEWOOD OIL ...........- SANDALWOOD OIL ...........- SASSAFRAS OIL ...........- SOFT RESINS AND BALSAMS ...........- TURPENTINE FROM PINE RESIN Fragrance Chemistry - from Iris Piringer Fragrance Ingredients Online - from FKS - Fragrance Ingredient Search Herbs & Spices - Essential oil yields Hyssop Oil India - F&F Market Analysis - by S. K. Sanganeria (Ultra International) Institute of Food Technologists Summary of Evaluations Performed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives delta-Lactones - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization gamma-Lactones - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization MEDICINAL, CULINARY AND AROMATIC PLANTS IN THE NEAR EAST - FAO Menthol - A COOL Site: ...........- Menthol - Background & Organoleptic Properties ...........- Synthesis of (-)-Menthol from (+)-Citronellal  ...........- Synthesis of (-)-Menthol from (+)-Pulegone ...........- Synthesis of (-)-Menthol from (-)-Piperitone ...........- (-)Menthol Synthesis from (-)-alpha-Phellandrene ...........- (-)-Menthol Synthesis from (-)-delta-3-Carene ...........- (-)-Menthol Synthesis from (+)-Limonene ...........- (-)-Menthol Synthesis from (-)-beta-Pinene ...........- H&R (-)-Menthol Synthesis from m-Cresol / Thymol ...........- Takasago (-)-Menthol Synthesis from Myrcene New Crop Home Page - Purdue University Odor Thesholds of GRAS Flavor Chemicals Olfaction - A Review Osmanthus - Aromas from Carotenoids Patchouli - from Indonesia Plant Oils - WWW Resources Professor Min's Flavor Chemistry Site Pyrazines - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization Rose Oil Distillation - A photo tour from The Essential Oil Company Rose - Aromas from Carotenoids Dr. David Rowe - Aroma Chemicals for the Sweet Field Dr. David Rowe - Aroma Chemicals for Savory Flavors Dr. David Rowe - More Fizz for Your Buck: High-impact Aroma Chemicals Dr. Simon Jameson - Organosulphur Chemistry - Aroma Chemicals and Beyond Saffron - Aromas from Carotenoids Sage Oil distillation - A photo tour from The Essential Oil Company SAIB Now Permitted by FDA as Beverage Weighting Agent - With SAIB now being permitted in the United States, it is approved in more than forty countries making it one of the most widely accepted weighting agents for citrus oils in the world. Download the Eastman Chemical fact sheet on SAIB (in .pdf format) Taste - UNLOCKING THE SECRETS OF TASTE from Chemical & Engineering News - September 10, 2001. Need to be ACS member to access for free The Good Scents Companyinformation on Perfume and flavor raw material specifications and odor descriptions. Tobacco - Aromas from Carotenoids Vetiver - An Indonesian essential oil   Flavor & Fragrance Publications & Links....F&F Topics Allured Publishing Corporation Allured's Perfumer & Flavorist Site Chemical Abstacts - Flavors & Fragrances Online Flavour and Fragrance Journal Happi - online Perfumer & Flavorist - Headline News Symrise (formerly Haarmann & Reimer) F&F Publications Fragrance Related The Early History of Cosmetics Sun worship Beating the cold weather with good scents The Art of sniffing Fragrant convergence - More and more women are reaching for masculine fragrances What's the smell of beach like, actually? When babies smell like household cleansers - Other countries, other customs – and other olfactory preferences Fin de siècle - These are the perfumes that characterized the '80s and '90s The Power of Perfumes The Happy Oils - Citrus oils are very popular in perfumery A Sense of the Scents The Sense of Smell The Creative Work of the Perfumer Fragrance Families Raw Materials and Processing Perfume Oils for a Wide Range of Applications Cosmetic Ingredients Fragrance Genealogy from H&R - Feminine - download pdf Fragrance Genealogy from H&R - Masculine - download pdf Along the Lavender Route through Haute Provence Well being through fragrances - Aromatherapy - How it's used and how it works The Three Glorious Decades - A new kind of perfumery is born The Garden of 100 Scents - Aroma Garden in Erlangen The Color of Fragrance - Favorite colors - Favorite scents The Makings of Fragrances The Makings of Fragrances, Part 2 - Bergamot, Violet & Co. The Makings of Fragrance, Part 3 - Fragrant, sensual and seductive What's the right perfume for me? - Smell it before you buy it Flavor Related Super soups! Clarity from the depth Sweet seduction under the Christmas tree - Marzipan, a gift from the land of The Thousand And One Nights Does peppermint make you feel sexy? Where the sweet peppers grow - Eating and drinking around the world: Hungary The right combination for the right spirit - Flavored beer drinks are conquesting the gastronomy scene Eat - and live to a ripe old age - Eating and drinking around the world: Japan Life wouldn't be nearly as sweet without sugar - "Sweet salt" — Its history, how it's made and what it is A bootful of delicacies - Eating and drinking around the world: Italy Convenient to prepare, convenient to serve - Ready-to-eat meals are hot sellers I scream, you scream - we all scream for ice cream A Spice Primer A Spice Primer, Part 2 A Spice Primer, Part 3 The spirit of wine - An ingredient in numerous spirits Coffee - Or "black wine" - The number one popular drink Chocolate - Food of the gods Cranberries - The Indians loved them too Tea: A success story - From medicine to popular refreshment Flavor - What is it? A Brief Cultural History of Taste Symrise F&F Publications online The Art of sniffing Fragrant convergence - More and more women are reaching for masculine fragrances Clarity from the depth - Mineral water advances toward the cult drink Coffee - A dark Passion A foamy white dream - Whipping up whips Can you also taste umami? The Early History of Cosmetics Sun worship Osmoz Publications Online History of Fragrances Olfactory Groups Brands & Fragrances Raw Materials Production Techniques Books - The most beautiful literary works in the world of olfaction. Osmoz Reports Portuguese Lavender has a name: Ach. Brito The grand comeback of custom-made Pierre Brunet's large and fragrant family In the realm of relaxation, well-being reigns supreme Femme by Rochas: femininity in a perfume Frédéric Malle, a perfume producer Coffee accords in perfumes Extra-Vieille by Roger & Gallet, much more than just Cologne... 4711, a very present past Inmates: a scent of freedom Olivia Giacobetti, Andrée Putmann's nose Perfumes: the greatest hits of 2001 Oriental perfumes: I got you under my skin... When stars embody perfumes... Stars and perfume: a mutual attraction Holy Smoke! Home fragrances Fragrant pregnancy Teenagers and Perfumes Teen Scents... and Sensibility Lorenzo Villoresi, an artist at the heart of perfume Remembrance of Perfumes Past The Fountain of Elegance How to become a nose... Smell: the Forbidden Sense? The fragrant trail of major hotels Perfume to keep people happy at work? Blooming with health L'Artisan Parfumeur: ahead by a nose The great chef's aromas The Nose Knows A delicious whiff of tea Tales from the water Viva Aqua Allegorias Scented products: The Essences of the Soul Miniatures and where to find them Form follows fashion Sports fragrances: keeping cool on and off the court Woody fragrances to attract women Car air fresheners Interview with Percy Kemp Castelbajac's colorful scent A passion for miniatures, starting a collection Florists and perfumers Aromatherapy and Aromachology: what's the difference? Federico Restrepo, exclusive to the extreme! Camille Goutal follows in her mother's footsteps Baby Steps... into Scents Preserving Perfume How to Wear a Perfume Jean-François Laporte: In the Name of Perfume Perfume: A User's Guide Perfumes and seduction: love in a bottle? Scents from Pompeii The Fragrance Trail from Osmoz The Rose of A Thousand and One Nights Japan, the green tea ceremony Olfactory strolls through the City of Lights Sumatra, the land of Benzoin Niaouli, king of the New Caledonian grasslands Brazil's Coffee-and-Baroque Road Eberbach, a sensorial journey with wine Sicilian Marsala, an ambery wine, strong and generous Speyside, the valley of Scotch whisky Yemen, on the trail of incense Reunion, an island of vanilla and vetiver Ethiopia's mythic myrrh Bergamote, the Gods' Gift to Calabria Versailles, the city of the Sun King and the god of Perfume Formentera, a fragrant island Madeira: vineyards with an ocean view The scent of jewelry on Paris's Place Vendôme On the trail of Ceylon tea Whiskey, Ireland's nectar Barcelona: the Perfume Museum London: discover the perfumers to the Royal Family Beautiful Mysore sandalwood Mayotte, ylang ylang island Paying tribute to linden blossoms in Buis-les-Baronnies Mytilene: Appreciating anise Star Anise, the treasure of Vietnam The Tiaré flower road Artigny, le castle of the king of perfumes The scent of ylang ylang in Mauritius Santo-Domingo, a whiff of tobacco Morocco, on the Trail of the Rose   Selected Perfume Related Links .................F&F Topics Absolutes Information - From A to I - Odor Descriptions from TGSC Absolutes Information - From J to Q - Odor Descriptions from TGSC Absolutes Information - From R to Z - Odor Descriptions from TGSC Antique Fragrance Bottles from Shiseido Bermuda Perfumery & Gardens Burren Perfumery - Ireland Concretes Information - From A to Z - Odor Descriptions from TGSC Essential Oils Information - From A to I - Odor Descriptions from TGSC Essential Oils Information - From J to Q - Odor Descriptions from TGSC Essential Oils Information - From R to Z - Odor Descriptions from TGSC Extracts Information - From A to Z - Odor Descriptions from TGSC Fragonard Parfumeur Fragrant Flowers of the East from Shiseido A History of Fragrance Musées de Grasse - A Spectacular Tour of Perfume & Art Oleoresins - From A to Z - Odor Descriptions from TGSC Perfume History Perfumery Raw Material Chemicals - From A to I - Odor Descriptions from TGSC Perfumery Raw Material Chemicals - From J to Q - Odor Descriptions from TGSC Perfumery Raw Material Chemicals - From R to Z - Odor Descriptions from TGSC Perfumers World Perfumes Information - From A to I- Descriptions from TGSC Perfumes Information - From J to Q - Descriptions from TGSC Perfumes Information - From R to Z - Descriptions from TGSC Perfumes - A mainstay of the French economy Scientific Instrument Services - Analysis of Aromas ...... ..Volatile Organic Composition In Blueberries ........ Aroma Profiles of Various Lavandula Species ........ Volatile Organic Composition in Cultivars of Peaches ........ Changes in Volatile Organic Composition in Milk Over Time ........ Volatile Organic Composition Of Cranberries ........ Flavor/Fragrance Profiles of Instant and Ground Coffees ........ Identification of Volatile Organics In Wines Over Time ........ Flavor and Aroma In Natural Bee Honey Story of the Camellia from Shiseido Story of the Rose from Shiseido The Fragrant Harvest - India Wellington Fragrance - a good source for the online retail purchaser F&F Related Buyers Guides & Resources The Cosmetic Index CTFA International Buyers' Guide Huber Research - Fragrance & Flavor Analysis SensoryNet Links to "Electronic Noses" ..........................F&F Topics AromaScan Alpha M.O.S. Cyrano Sciences Inc. NOSE (Network on artificial olfactory sensing) Sawtek - Vaporlab Electronic Sensor Technology - the zNose(tm) Top 10 Flavor & Fragrance Companies - Sales & Market Share   Please email us to suggest a link at leffingwell@mindspring.com  Copyright © 2000-2001 by Leffingwell & Associates

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Aldehydes - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization Alkenols: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization Burnt Sugar Notes: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization delta-Lactones - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization Esters - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization gamma-Lactones - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization Pyrazines - GRAS: Odor Properties and Molecular Visualization Odor Thesholds of GRAS Flavor Chemicals Olfaction - A Review Carotenoids- Precursors of Important Fragrance & Flavor Constituents Boronia - Aromas from Carotenoids Saffron - Aromas from Carotenoids Rose - Aromas from Carotenoids Osmanthus - Aromas from Carotenoids Tobacco - Aromas from Carotenoids Lycopene - The Ultimate Phytochemical Nutraceutical? Smoke Flavor I. -The Flavor of Hardwood Smoke Smoke Flavor II. - Dark Fire-Cured Tobacco